"Vintage drum machine" generally means the Roland TR808, which was the big hiphop drum machine of the early rap era (followed a couple years later by the TR909). The 808 and 909 have become popular in newer indie music (Postal Service, Blue October, etc.)
Today, the industry standard drum machine is the
Akai MPC2000. Not exactly cheap.
Standard 'cheap' drum machines include the
Boss DR series. I've gotten to play with these quite a bit, and the button action is significantly better on the higher models, the lower models sound like ass, etc.
To me, however, it sounds like a midi controller keyboard would suit your purpose, and provide extra utility as well. If you have samples you're happy with (sample sets of the 808 and much more can be found online), just use the keyboard to input them. The drum setup on keys is pretty intuitive, and you'll feel comfortable with it after tinkering a while.
Also, the sounds on most drum machines (barring the actual drum machines that other drum machines sample) suck ass. A $300 midi controller will have better velocity sensitivity than a $300 drum machine, so your dynamic control will be better (therefore more realistic).
I say get a keyboard. Then, you can use it for like, keyboard parts, too.